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The Moresby Treaty was an anti-slavery treaty made between Sayyid Said, Sultan of Muscat and Oman and Fairfax Moresby, senior officer of Mauritius,〔Nicolini, B., & Watson, P. (2004). ''Makran, Oman, and Zanzibar: Three-terminal Cultural Corridor in the Western Indian Ocean'', 1799-1856. Leiden: Brill Academic Pub., p 132〕 on behalf of Britain in September 1822.〔McIntyre, C., & McIntyre, S. (2009). ''Zanzibar''. Guilford: Bradt Pubns. 〕〔Nwulia, Moses D. E. "The Role of Missionaries in the Emancipation of Slaves in Zanzibar." ''Journal of Negro History''. 60.2 (1975): 268-287. 〕 Initially composed of six articles,〔Nicolini, B., & Watson, P. (2004). ''Makran, Oman, and Zanzibar: Three-terminal Cultural Corridor in the Western Indian Ocean'', 1799-1856. Leiden: Brill Academic Pub.〕 the purpose of the treaty was to limit the Indian Ocean slave trade by preventing the importation of slaves to British holdings in India and the Indian Ocean from land ruled by Omani Arabs in East Africa.〔 The treaty barred the sale of slaves to Christians of any nationality,〔Nicolini, B., & Watson, P. (2004). ''Makran, Oman, and Zanzibar: Three-terminal Cultural Corridor in the Western Indian Ocean'', 1799-1856. Leiden: Brill Academic Pub., p.133 〕 recognized the sultan’s jurisdiction over the waters near the East African coast,〔Nicolini, B., & Watson, P. (2004). ''Makran, Oman, and Zanzibar: Three-terminal Cultural Corridor in the Western Indian Ocean'', 1799-1856. Leiden: Brill Academic Pub., p.134 〕 allowed for the installation of a British official in Zanzibar or the mainland,〔 and created the Moresby Line. ==The Moresby Line== Among the stipulations was the creation of the Moresby Line. The line ran from the southernmost point of the sultan’s territory in Africa – Cape Delgado in Mozambique - through the Indian Ocean to the city of Diu on the coast of India.〔〔 The transportation of slaves west of the established line, a primarily Muslim zone of the Indian Ocean,〔Clarence-Smith, W. G. (2006). ''Islam and the abolition of slavery''. New York: Oxford University Press, USA.〕 was at this point considered legal but prohibited on the eastern side.〔Gilbert, E., & Reynolds, J. T. (2008). ''Africa in World History: From Prehistory to the Present.'' Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson College Div., p. 233 〕 To enforce this rule, warships were given the authority to confiscate ships carrying slaves in illegal waters east of the line and punish the captain in the same manner as a pirate, by “death without the benefit of clergy”.〔 The only exemption to this regulation provided for ships that had gone past the line due to conditions beyond their control including extreme weather conditions.〔 Confusion arose as to who exactly was to enforce this part of the treaty as the English version of the text placed responsibility on the Omanis while the Arab text placed the onus on the British.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Moresby Treaty」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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